Women & Osteoporosis...

 

What is Osteoporosis?

Osteoporosis is a disease that causes very weak bones that break easily. Women are five times more likely to get osteoporosis than men. There is no way to stop or cure it but there things you can do to slow it down.

What causes osteoporosis?

• It can run in families.
• Not enough calcium and vitamin D in the diet.
• Not getting enough exercise.
• Women who've gone through menopause are more likely to have it.

Who is at risk for osteoporosis?  
Anyone can get osteoporosis, but some people have a higher chance than others:-

• People who used a certain medicines for a long time, like:-
• Some hormones
• Medicines for seizures
• Some medicines for asthma, arthritis or cancer

How do I know know if I have osteoporosis?

• There are test that use either s-rays or sound waves to measure bone density.
• Ask your doctor about wihich test you might need. 

 How can i lower my chances of getting osteoporosis?

• Get enough calcium. Women under 50 years old need at least 1000 mg of calcium each day. Women over 50 need at least 1200mg of calcium.
• Get enough vitamin D. Women under 50 years old need at 200IU of vitamin D. Women over 50 need at 400 IU of vitamin D. 
• Get exercise every day like walking or biking.
• If you drink alcohol, don't drink more than one  glass per day.  

Which food have calcium?

 

from : http://www.fda.gov/women 

PAP SMEAR / PAP TEST

 What is a PAP TEST?

• A Pap Test or Pap Smear checks for changes in the cells of the cervix. The cervix is the lower part of the womb ,which opens into the vagina. The test can find cancer cells or cells that could turn into cancer.

When should women getting PAP TEST?

• All women should start getting Pap test about 3 years after they first have vaginal sex. All women should be getting Pap tests by the time they are 21 years old.

How is a PAP TEST done?

•  A doctor/ nurse inserts a speculum into vagina to see the cervix.
• A doctor/nurse takes sample of cell from inside and outside of the cervix.

How to get ready for a PAP TEST?
- For about 2 days before before Pap Test.

      DO NOT

• Have Sex
• Use tampons
• Use use birth control  that is put into the vagina, like foam, cream or jelly
• Use any medicine that is put into the vagina
• Use a vagina lubrication
• Use feminine deodorant sprays or powders
• Swim
• Take a tub bath

Do not have a Pap test id you are having period. It can make it harder to find cells that are not normal. Call to change your appointment.

How often should women get Pap Test?
A woman should talk with her doctor or nurse to decide how often to have Pap tests. How often a woman should have Pap test is based on many things, including

• Her age
• Result of pap test in the past
• Medical history
• Having human papillomavirus (HPV)
• Smoking

When should women stop getting PAP Tests?
Women can stop getting a Pap Test at 70 years old if the results of all Pap tests in the last 10 years were normal. all women over 70 should still have a pelvic exam every year.

What about women who have had a hysterectomy?

• Women who have a partial hysterectomy still need to get Pap tests. This surgery takes out the womb (uterus) but NOT the cervix.
• Women who had a total hysterectomy may stop getting Pap tests. This surgery takes out the the womb and cervix.
• Even after stopping Pap smears, all women should ge a pelvic exam every year. 

 from http://www.wellnessproposals.com/health-care/handouts/womens-health/pap-tests.pdf